Incoterms

A) Rules covering all transportation types

EXW- Ex Works (Delivery at Work)

The seller informs the buyer by keeping the goods ready for the buyer’s order on the date previously set in the enterprise.The buyer prepares the necessary documents for the export by receiving the goods from the enterprise, completes the customs procedures and imports the goods to his own country.All costs and risks associated with the goods are covered by the buyer after the delivery of the goods in the enterprise.

FCA – Free Carrier (No Cost to Carrier)

The seller completes the customs procedures and completes the delivery procedures as soon as he transfers the goods to the supervision of the first carrier on the specified date and place.From this moment on, all costs and risks related to the goods shall be passed on to the buyer.Freight fee is paid by the buyer like all other expenses.

CPT – Carriage Paid To (As Transport Paid)

The seller is obliged to pay the freight fee until the destination.From the moment the goods are transferred to the supervision of the first carrier, all risks and freight-related costs related to the goods pass to the buyer.

CIP – Carriage and Insurance Paid To

The seller has the same obligations as CPT. However; in addition, it is incurred to provide cargo insurance against the risk of loss or damage during the transportation of goods.

DAT – Delivered At Terminal

The cost of unloading the item at the terminal point designated by the buyer and seller (this point can be a port or customs warehouse or the buyer’s factory) is left to the buyer’s disposal as covered by the seller.All customs procedures, expenses, taxes, paintings and duties arising from customs belong to the buyer.

DAP – Delivered At Place

It is the release of the item to the buyer’s order on the transport vehicle ready for unloading at the unloading site (a port pier, customs point, airport) determined by the buyer and seller.All customs procedures, expenses, taxes, paintings and duties arising from customs belong to the buyer.The seller assumes the costs of transporting the goods to the designated location/ the risk of terminal-related damages.

DDP – Delivered Duty Paid (Customs Officially Paid Delivery)

The seller prepares the goods in accordance with the contractual conditions.Prepares the necessary documents to be used in his home country and in the Recipient country.Export and Import Customs completes the transactions. The carrier pays the freight fee by supplying the vehicle.All costs and risks associated with the goods until delivery belong to the seller.It makes the delivery by paying customs duties at the designated place and date in the recipient’s country.The buyer pays the price of the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract and receives the goods.

B) Rules specific to sea and inland transport

FAS – Free Alongside Ship

The seller’s obligation to deliver ends with the goods being placed on the dock or barge in line with the ship at the designated port.Loading, unloading, transportation and insurance costs of the goods are paid by the buyer.

FOB – Free on Board

The seller carries out the loading of the goods on the ship supplied by the buyer on the specified date and place.Any damages, losses and costs that may occur after the goods have been passed to the ship’s handrail (deck) are the responsibility of the Buyer.The seller prepares all the necessary documents for export and completes and delivers the customs procedures of the goods.

CFR – Cost and Freight

The seller takes all the costs and risks and brings the goods to the port where they will be loaded.It carries out customs procedures and performs the loading by paying the Freight fee. From this moment on, all costs and risks associated with the goods other than freight belong to the buyer.

CIF – Cost, Insurance and Freight

The seller takes on insurance premiums, freight and loading costs and risks and brings the goods to the port where he will load them. The seller agrees with and supplies the ship’s agent.Informs the buyer that the goods in the sales contract have been loaded on the specified date and place.By paying the insurance premium, the seller obtains the narrowest comprehensive sea transportation insurance suitable for the type of goods he loads.After the goods are loaded on board, the costs and risk other than freight and insurance premiums pass to the buyer.